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Gerald FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Kildare (1525–1585), also known as the "Wizard Earl" (a sobriquet also given to Henry Percy, 9th Earl of Northumberland), was an Irish peer. He was the son of Gerald FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Kildare and Elizabeth Grey, Countess of Kildare. ==Biography== FitzGerald became the sole male representative of the Kildare Geraldines at the age of twelve, after his half-brother, Silken Thomas, the tenth earl, was executed at Tyburn in 1537 with five of his uncles.〔''Surviving the Tudors – The 'Wizard' Earl of Kildare and English Rule in Ireland, 1537–1586'' Author: Carey, Vincent. Four Courts Press, 2002.〕 He spent the next few years on the run in Ireland and spent some time in Donegal, under the guardianship of his aunt, Lady Eleanor McCarthy, the wife of the O Domhnaill chief. The short-lived Geraldine League, a federation including the O'Neills, the O'Donnells, the O'Briens of Thomond, and other powerful Irish clans related to the Geraldines through marriages, formed around FitzGerald's claim to the Kildare Earldom. The League came to nothing, however, after the principal members were badly defeated in Monaghan following a raid into The Pale in August 1539.〔Lennon, Colm ''Sixteenth-century Ireland- the Incomplete Conquest'' Gill and Macmillan 1994 p.151〕 FitzGerald escaped Ireland with a few loyal servants and was protected from Henry VIII and his agents by both Francis I of France and Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire. He was educated at a monastery in Liège, and spent time with the Bishop of Verona, the Cardinal of Mantua, and the Duke of Mantua. Due to his time in the duke's court, FitzGerald was fluent in Italian and experienced the court culture of Renaissance Italy. From there, he then moved on to Rome, and for three years studied under the guidance of his kinsman, Cardinal Reginald Pole.〔Who's Who in British History. ISBN 1-85585-771-5. p 320.〕 During his exile from Ireland, FitzGerald fought with the Knights of Rhodes against the Turks and travelled as far as Tripoli in Libya, then held by the Knights of St. John. Following the death of Henry VIII in 1547, he travelled to England and was received at the court of Edward VI. The young king restored the Kildare lands to him at this time.〔Lennon p.173〕 During the reign of Mary I, FitzGerald assisted in suppressing the rebellion of Sir Thomas Wyatt in 1554. He was then restored as Earl of Kildare and Baron of Offaly. He returned to Ireland soon after.〔 FitzGerald had a keen interest in alchemy, which caused much speculation among those living around Kilkea Castle. He was rumoured to possess magic powers, and thus earned the nickname "the Wizard Earl".〔Carey ''Surviving the Tudors''〕 He was a highly intelligent and cultivated man, "a product of the Renaissance", but he seems to have lacked the political skills of his grandfather Gerald FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Kildare, who virtually ruled Ireland for 35 years,〔Lennon p.192〕 and in the increasingly turbulent political atmosphere of the 1560s and 70s was increasingly vulnerable to attack, especially since he openly professed the Roman Catholic faith. His restoration as Earl of Kildare aroused the hostility of many, both Old English and New English, and successive Lord Deputies, and throughout his career he was frequently accused of treason, and was twice imprisoned in the Tower of London. He owed his survival to the personal regard of Elizabeth who twice dismissed the charges of treason against him. In his last years although technically free he was forbidden to leave London, save that he was permitted to take his seat in the Parliament of Ireland meeting in Dublin during April–May 1585.〔 〕 FitzGerald died in London, still in a condition of semi-captivity, on 16 November 1585.〔 According to legend, his ghost returns to Kilkea Castle every seventh year, mounted on a silver-shod white charger. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gerald FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Kildare」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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